LNG: TESLARATI

SpaceX says it has completed a test campaign of Crew Dragon’s upgrade parachutes, reaching a milestone that CEO Elon Musk recently described as a necessity before the spacecraft can be certified to launch NASA astronauts.

Beginning in late-October 2019, SpaceX kicked off an extensive test campaign of Crew Dragon’s recently-upgraded “Mark 3” parachute system, performing more than a dozen consecutively successful tests in a single week. SpaceX started with high-stress single-chute tests simulating far higher loads than Crew Dragon could ever technically exhibit in flight, resulting in two back-to-back failures.

SpaceX further improved the design with supplier Airborne Systems and began testing anew, successfully completing 10 single-chute tests in a row in a matter of days. Immediately after individual testing was completed as planned, SpaceX began multi-chute tests, initially simulating Crew Dragon’s ability to ensure a soft and survivable landing even if one of its four parachutes fully fails before splashdown.

Most recently, SpaceX announced on December 4th that it had completed the 7th consecutively successful multi-chute drop test, leaving three additional tests to go before reaching its goal of at least 10 consecutive successes.

Now, a bit less than three weeks after that 7th test, SpaceX says it has completed the 10th multi-chute drop test of Crew Dragon’s upgraded Mk3 parachutes, achieving the tentative goals set by CEO Elon Musk and NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine just two months ago. By the numbers, since Bridenstine first announced his expectation of “as many as 10 drop tests between now and the end of the year”, SpaceX alone has completed at least 20 successful tests in a row in the last eight weeks, averaging more than one test every three days.

“We could see as many as 10 drop tests between now and the end of the year and depending on how the next 10 drop tests go, we will know how many more drops tests we are going to add.”

Jim Bridenstine, October 10th, 2019

As Bridenstine indicated, this does not necessarily guarantee that NASA, SpaceX, or both entities won’t choose to perform additional tests, but a full 20 successful parachute tests in a row is an undeniable sign that Crew Dragon’s latest upgrades are bearing fruit. In simpler terms, SpaceX and Crew Dragon should be closer than ever to achieving the requirements NASA has laid out to certify spacecraft for human spaceflight.

With a successful orbital launch and recovery (including parachutes) already under its belt, Crew Dragon’s next milestone – scheduled to launch no earlier than (NET) January 11th – is a suborbital In-Flight Abort (IFA) test that will technically serve as the second full-system recovery test. If that launch, abort, and Atlantic Ocean contingency splashdown go as planned, there is a very good chance that NASA will finally close out SpaceX’s parachute systems for Crew Dragon’s first crewed launch.

Known as Demo-2, SpaceX has said that the mission’s Falcon 9 and Crew Dragon hardware will be ready for launch as early as late-December. If Dragon’s IFA test and any additional subsystem tests run into problems, Demo-2 hardware will of course no longer be ready, per se, but if those tests are completed without issue, SpaceX has indicated that Crew Dragon’s first astronaut launch could follow as soon as February or March 2020.

The road to SpaceX’s first human launch has been long and winding, but – barring calamity – the milestone appears, at long last, to be well within reach. Accounting for potential technical or NASA paperwork-related delays, it’s extremely likely that the first NASA astronauts will be at the helm of a Crew Dragon spacecraft on top of a Falcon 9 rocket less than six months from now.

Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes.

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Electric car maker Rivian announced on Monday that it has officially completed a $1.3 billion investment round led by fund manager T. Rowe Price, a financial firm that also holds a stake in Tesla. This comes on top of generous investments from legacy automaker Ford Motor Company and e-commerce giant Amazon Inc. earlier in 2019.

“This investment demonstrates confidence in our team, products, technology and strategy,” R.J. Scaringe, CEO of the Plymouth, Michigan-based Rivian stated. Scaringe founded the electric car company in 2009.

The company announced the latest investment in a press release on its website. The news of this large investment solidifies Rivian as one of the most financially-backed electric vehicle makers in the auto industry.

As legacy car companies like Ford and General Motors begin to develop electric cars and transition into the new market, they will likely be directly competing with younger companies such as Tesla and Rivian. Both of these companies are only manufacturing electric vehicles in their efforts to convince people to move towards a more sustainable, non-petrol based form of transportation.

The investment round will not cause the company to add new board seats, the company said.

T. Rowe Price is a supporter of the automotive industry, and has investments in companies such as Tesla. They also hold investments in some self-driving car firms such as GM-owned Cruise and software startup Aurora.

Amazon invested $700 million in Rivian in February. The e-commerce giant is poised to release an electric van for deliveries within the next few years. The all-electric vans were a part of Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos plan to reduce the company’s carbon footprint after pressure from employees began to grow. Rivian’s manufacturing plant in Normal, Illinois is expected to build the 100,000 electric delivery vans in 2021.

Along with sizeable funding from Amazon and Ford, Cox Automotive also invested $350 million earlier in 2019.

Scaringe has stated Rivian will plan to begin producing and delivering the first R1T trucks to reservation holders in late-2020 or early-2021. The company has released numerous patents recently that will be included in both of its planned vehicles next year.

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Tesla and a group of Chinese banks have agreed to a five-year loan worth 10 billion yuan, or around $1.4 billion, according to sources familiar with the matter. The loan will be used to assist Tesla in building the next phases of Gigafactory 3 in Shanghai and complete the payment of a 3.5 billion yuan debt that the company holds.

The China Construction Bank, Agricultural Bank of China, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, and the Shanghai Pudong Development Bank will be giving the electric car maker the $1.4 billion loan, Reuters reported. It is unknown how much each individual bank will be giving or if there are other institutions involved in the deal.

Earlier in 2019, Tesla received a 12-month loan of up to 3.5 billion yuan that has a repayment date of March 4, 2020 according to filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The new 10 billion yuan loan administered by Chinese banks will have the best possible rate they can offer their clients: 90% of the country’s one-year benchmark rate.

While 3.5 billion of the total loan will be used to roll over the existing debt, while the rest will be used on Gigafactory 3’s further construction. Tesla expects the Shanghai production plant to begin producing 1,000 Model 3 vehicles a week by the end of 2019. The new loan will help ramp production even further as the company prepares to begin expanding Gigafactory 3 to begin production of the Model Y.

Footage of the Gigafactory 3 parking lot filled with Made-in-China Model 3 vehicles was posted online this month. This came just days before Tesla received a sales permit from the Chinese government giving it the green light to begin delivery of its electric vehicles to buyers in the country.

Gigafactory 3 is Tesla’s first production site outside of the United States and was built on the foundation of supplying the world’s leading vehicle market with sustainable and high-performance electric vehicles. Tesla has received support from the government in China as it will be the country’s first wholly-foreign owned car manufacturing plant. “We’re very appreciative of the Chinese government allowing us to do this. I think it is symbolic of them wanting to open the market and apply and it farewells to everyone. I’d just say like an order of appreciation for the Chinese government in allowing us to do that. It’s a very significant thing,” Elon Musk said.

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Tesla is getting closer and closer to laying the first brick of its Gigafactory 4 in Brandenburg, with the town’s Minister of Economics Jorg Steinbach expressing that he is certain the deal between the electric car manufacturer and German authorities is 95% secure.

With a contract on the table for the sale of Gigafactory 4’s location, the next crucial steps will be getting the approval of the Brandenburg state parliament’s budget committee. The parties need the approval of the sale from the said committee since the 741-acre land is a state property.  The discussion with the budget committee is initially set on January 9, based on a report by German publication RBB.

“(GF4’s contract signing) will happen in the next week, at the latest in the New Year’s week,” the minister said. When asked how certain he was of this statement, Steinbach said “95%.”

The State Office for the Environment is also reviewing the application of Tesla to ensure that the electric car manufacturer will be compliant to the Federal Emission Control Act, which aims to protect people, animals, plants, soil and water that will be affected during the build. Upon approval, there will be a public hearing to determine the sentiments of the residents and other parties that might possibly be affected by the construction of Gigafactory 4.

The agreement on the sale of the land for Gigafactory 4 in the municipality of Grunheide was reached on Friday, which meant that Tesla and local authorities can review the details of the contract. According to State Spokesman Mark Weber, It is unlikely that the parliament will approve the contract during the Christmas week since the lawmakers are on break starting Monday, reconvening by January 9.

A regional steering committee with participants from Grünheide and other nearby municipalities such as Schöneiche, Storkow, Fürstenwalde, and Erkner are also working together to come up with recommendations that will be submitted to the state government handling the Tesla deal.

The recent developments are small victories for Tesla as it plans to start the construction of Gigafactory 4 during the first half of 2020 and eventually start rolling out its all-electric Model Y crossover from its production line by 2021. The Gigafactory facility is expected give jobs to around 4,000 people working in three shifts.

Recently, land surveys on the planned Tesla Gigafactory site were also started. Aside from removing trees, the surveying teams are tasked to scan for possible World War II-era weapons in the area.

Earlier reports also suggested that the Gigafactory 4 will have its on-site train station based on leaked initial plans and will also have facilities for battery cell production.

Based on the water consumption estimates of Gigafactory 4, the facility will have the capacity to produce 250,000 vehicles annually and ramp up to 500,000 units per year. The numbers also suggest that Gigafactory 4 can eventually roll out 750,000 units per year, which is far more than what the Fremont factory is capable of at the moment.

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After appearing unexpectedly at SpaceX’s Port Canaveral docks last month, several large pieces of Starship flight and manufacturing hardware were successfully shipped from Florida to Texas, arriving at the company’s Boca Chica build and launch site two weeks ago.

Previously discussed on Teslarati, the hardware transfer signals a significant shift in the development strategy for SpaceX’s next-generation Starship-Super Heavy launch vehicle. Most notably, SpaceX has chosen to prioritize Texas in the near term while the company’s Florida facilities instead aim for longer-tail milestones like the first Super Heavy-capable launch site and a new production facility located much closer to that launch site.

While the hardware SpaceX has sent over is relatively minor in the scope of producing a brand new Starship prototype, it will at least somewhat expedite the process thanks to the inclusion of what appears to be a completed propellant tank dome. Additionally, it’s possible that this December 8th hardware delivery will not be the last – a large amount of hardware remains at SpaceX’s Cocoa, Florida Starship production facility, including several ring sections and a nearly finished nose section, among a number of other parts.

As discussed last month, SpaceX has reportedly decided to more or less shutter its Cocoa facilities, transferring all permanent employees who wished to stay to Boca Chica, TX, Cape Canaveral, FL, or Hawthorne, CA facilities. SpaceX’s Starship presence in Florida is in no way done but it does sound like it’s in for at least several months of downtime.

“According to former Cocoa employee that spoke to reporter and channel creator Felix Schlang, SpaceX has reportedly transferred up to 80% of the Starship facility’s workforce to other groups in Florida and Texas. Instead of the friendly internal competition that pitted Cocoa against Boca Chica in the race to first Starship flight, SpaceX is temporarily slowing down its Florida build operations and will redirect as much of its workforce and resources as possible to Boca Chica.

Schlang’s source says that this will likely result in several months of relative downtime in Florida, while he was also told that Starship Mk2 and Mk4 are now effectively dead before arrival as a result of several challenging and reoccurring technical issues. Starship Mk2 likely shares some significant heritage with Starship Mk1, which lost its top during a pressure test. Roughly two-dozen steel Starship Mk4 rings may also be scrapped after SpaceX’s Florida team could not overcome a technical hurdle. Per the source, many of those single-weld steel rings were slightly different diameters, making it next to impossible to build a sound pressure vessel (i.e. Starship Mk4) with them.”

Teslarati.com — December 2nd, 2019

In line with that, SpaceX loaded transport ship GO Discovery with two large steel mounts and a finished tank dome originally believed to be intended for Starship Mk4 and Florida Starship production in general. Those parts arrived in Texas around five days later on December 8th and were rapidly moved from Port of Brownsville to SpaceX’s Boca Chica production facilities.

The ring-like steel structures will likely take the place of (or complement) the concrete structures SpaceX used to mount and assembly Starship Mk1. Likely significantly lighter, steel ring mounts allow far easier access underneath for technicians and engineers while also being much easier to transport in the event that SpaceX wants to reorganize its Starship ‘factory’.

Since arriving at the Boca Chica build site, SpaceX stored the assembly rings off to the side while the Starship Mk3 tank dome (i.e. bulkhead) was situated more centrally. So much is going on at SpaceX’s Boca Chica facilities that it’s no longer easy to determine what is being worked on just from observing, but it’s clear that the employees are working around the clock to prepare for Starship Mk3 assembly.

One or two new tank domes in various states of production are visible, contractors are constructing a warehouse-sized sprung structure (i.e. tent), and technicians are working to refine improved methods of forming the cylindrical steel rings that make up most of Starship. It can’t yet be said that Starship Mk3 has truly begun to take shape, but it’s clear that the goal is to ensure that the process is dramatically faster than it was with Starship Mk1, which took at least half a year to go from first ring stacking to pressure testing.

It’s safe to say that 2020 is going to be an incredibly busy and productive time for SpaceX’s next-generation rocket.

Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes.

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Tesla recently released Smart Summon in China on Monday. With the feature, users can now have their vehicles pick them up at designated locations in parking lots. Tesla enthusiast @Tesla_Mania shared the news about the Smart Summon China release in a post about the company’s 2019.40.50 update.

The rollout of Smart Summon in China, aside from providing a new convenience feature for local customers, is also a good way for the U.S. electric car maker to collect more data and improve the feature. This is particularly important in China, since the country is expecting an influx of Teslas next year with the imminent deliveries of the Made-In-China Model 3.

Tesla initially released Smart Summon in September together with its V10 software update. While the feature’s initial iterations left much to be desired, improvements rolled out by Tesla through its over-the-air updates have made Smart Summon smoother and more reliable over the past few months.

Based on Tesla’s V10 Release Notes last September, Smart Summon is available for those who purchased Full-Self Driving or the Enhanced Autopilot. The feature allows the car to navigate a parking lot and go to its owner or a destination of choice. This is done without any driver controlling the vehicle from inside the car.

” t’s the perfect feature to use if you have an overflowing shopping cart, are dealing with a fussy child, or simply don’t want to walk to your car through the rain. Customers who have had early access to Smart Summon have told us that it adds both convenience to their trips and provides them with a unique moment of delight when their car picks them up to begin their journey. Those using Smart Summon must remain responsible for the car and monitor it and its surroundings at all times,” the Tesla release notes read.

Tesla CEO Elon Musk earlier last week hinted at the imminent release of the company’s holiday software update that includes the much-awaited sneak preview of the FSD. The update is expected to roll out a “feature-complete” version of Full Self-Driving to an initial batch of its early access program, but so far, no reports have been shared about such a release so far.

Ultimately, the autonomous driving capabilities of Teslas will help fulfill its goal of having a fleet of self-driving Robotaxis. If that plan materializes in the near future, one can only expect the value of the company and its vehicles to go up dramatically and as Musk explained before, “a fully autonomous car that can function as a Robotaxi is several times more valuable than a non-autonomous car.” For a car to function well without driver input, it must be able to master dropping off and pickup up passengers from parking lots.

In the meantime, Tesla continues to perfect its Smart Summon. Just last week, an electric vehicle enthusiast demonstrated how Tesla has been improving the Smart Summon feature. Kevin Rooke tested if the vehicle can recognize moving objects such as a makeshift shopping cart in the experiment. Rooke proved impressed with how his Model 3 passed the tests, even carrying out more challenging tests such as rolling basketballs on the vehicle’s path.

Recently, another Tesla owner tested the Smart Summon capability of his Tesla. YouTuber Daniel Spalding used the Come To Me feature of the vehicle on a snow-covered parking lot. This was another challenging experiment aced by Tesla’s Smart Summon given the poor visibility in the area and the absence of road lines because of the weather condition. Much to the Tesla onwer’s pleasant surprise, Smart Summon was up to the task.

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SpaceX has completed its 13th and final launch and landing of the year and decade, marked by a Falcon 9 booster’s successful return to Port Canaveral and subsequent processing to prepare it for another orbital-class mission.

Over the course of that recovery, SpaceX broke the record for the fastest Falcon 9 processing by several hours, a small but significant step towards the company’s ultimate goal of launching and landing the same Falcon 9 booster in less than 24 hours. Additionally, SpaceX appears to have finished processing booster B1056 on December 21st, the 4th anniversary of Falcon 9’s first successful landing after an orbital-class launch.

Since that first success on December 21st, 2015, SpaceX has rapidly moved through several distinct iterations of Falcon hardware, constantly improving components, systems, and the overall fit, finish, and reliability of the rocket. Over the last four years, SpaceX has landed an incredible 47 Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy boosters as part of 60 orbital-class launches, while the company recently launched Falcon 9 B1048 for the fourth time and flew the same two Falcon Heavy boosters in April and June. Ultimately, 2019 has been a spectacularly successful year for SpaceX, and – by the numbers – 2020 is set to be several times more ambitious, still.

On December 20th, less than a day after arriving in Port Canaveral, SpaceX technicians began the process of retracting Falcon 9 booster B1056’s four deployed landing legs. As it turns out, B1056 – returning to port for the second time after its third launch – became the first Falcon 9 booster to have all of its landing legs successfully (and semi-permanently) retracted in May 2019. To accomplish the feat, SpaceX designed a custom retraction mechanism that simultaneously serves as the crane jig used to lift the booster while vertical.

“The crux of the need for a relatively complex crane-and-jig method of leg retraction rests on SpaceX’s landing leg design. Put simply, after rapidly deploying with a combination of gravity and hydraulics, Falcon 9 landing legs have no built-in way to return to their stowed state. Each of the four legs are quite large, weighing around 600 kg (1300 lb) and stretching about 10m (33 ft) from hinge to tip. They use an intricate telescoping carbon fiber deployment mechanism to give them legs enough strength to stand up to the stresses of Falcon 9 booster landings.

Combined, the legs’ size and telescoping mechanism makes the addition of an onboard retraction mechanism impractical. All the needed hardware would struggle to find a good place for installation and would quite literally be dead weight during launches and landings, stealing from Falcon 9/Heavy payload capacity and generally serving no purpose until a booster has been lifted off the ground with a giant crane.”

Teslarati — May 7th, 2019

Impressively, SpaceX took less than an hour and a half to successfully retract all four of thrice-flown Falcon 9 B1056’s also thrice-flown landing legs. Less than three hours after the rocket’s legs were snugly retracted, SpaceX immediately attached a second crane and brought the booster horizontal. Altogether, this made Falcon 9 B1056’s third recovery the fastest SpaceX has ever performed by 3-6 hours – seemingly small progress but still no mean feat.

SpaceX’s fastest-ever Falcon 9 recovery – from the drone ship berthing to the booster departing the port on a transporter – occurred with B1049 after its third launch and landing, taking just 2.01 days (48.25 hours). Falcon 9 B1056’s third recovery appears to have beaten that record by at least several hours, brought horizontal and installed on a SpaceX transporter perhaps less than 1.75 days (42 hours) after arriving in port – more than 10% faster than B1049’s previous record.

Meanwhile, SpaceX lifted a fairing half recovered off the surface of the Atlantic Ocean by GO Ms. Tree, appearing unharmed after having potentially been dropped when the ship’s secondary (fairing) fishing net tore while moving the Falcon 9 hardware.

With any luck, that fairing half will be in good enough shape to be reused on a future Starlink mission, seemingly unlikely but proven to be well within the realm of possibility after SpaceX’s very first fairing reuse involved two halves recovered off the ocean surface after Falcon Heavy Block 5’s April 2019 debut. B1056, however, is all but guaranteed to fly again – this time on its fourth launch – in the near future. SpaceX has dozens of launches planned in 2020, so there will be plenty of opportunities.

Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes.

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