LNG: TESLARATI

SpaceX CEO Elon Musk says he has been working through the holidays at the company’s Boca Chica facilities to get Starship’s “most difficult part” ready for the next-generation spacecraft’s next prototype and flight tests.

Known as tank domes or bulkheads, Musk says that the hardware is the most difficult part of building and assembly Starship’s primary structure, referring to the steel engine section, tanks, and pointed nose that comprise most of the spaceship’s body. Starship’s primary structure must stand up to the rigors of all aspects of flight, including highly-pressurized propellant tanks, extreme G-forces during launches, orbital reentry, and more.

It was never officially determined whether the failure was intentional or not but during the first Starship prototype’s (Mk1) last test campaign, the vehicle experience an overpressure event while being filled with liquid oxygen or nitrogen. Localized to the weld connecting the upper tank dome to Starship’s cylindrical tank section, the dome essentially sheared off at the weld and launched hundreds of feet into the air, sending a shockwave through the vehicle that crumpled many of its steel structures as if they were aluminum foil.

It’s likely that Starship Mk1’s failure was an intentional overpressure event, meaning that SpaceX may have purposely pressed the vehicle’s tanks beyond their design limits to determine how structurally sound they were. What is less clear is whether the rocket burst before or after reaching its theoretical design limit.

For reference, SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket operates with its fuel and oxygen tanks pressurized to about 50 psi (3.5 atm) with localized pressures likely doubling or tripling near the bottom of both tanks during the first minute or two of launch. Some amateur back-of-the-envelope calculations from videos of Starship Mk1’s burst event suggest that it was pressurized to at least 60-75 psi (4-5 atm) at its upper tank dome, meaning that the pressure on its two lower domes and tank walls would have been even higher. If correct, those unofficial figures mean that Mk1 actually performed quite well considering the ramshackle facilities and unprecedentedly spartan methods used to fabricate and assemble it.

As such, Musk likely considers Starship’s tank domes the “most difficult part of [its] primary structure” in large part because of how difficult it is to make giant propellant tank domes simultaneously light and strong. Musk has previously implied that Starship Mk1 was more 200 tons (450,000 lb) empty while the ultimate goal for the spacecraft’s empty weight is closer to 120 tons, and a large portion of that weight savings will likely have to come from making its tank domes as light as possible.

In line with that educated speculation, the last month or so of SpaceX’s Starship work in Boca Chica, Texas has been marked by a distinct focus on building tank domes. In fact, Musk himself tweeted that he had worked all night with SpaceX engineers in Boca Chica in a bid to get dome production ready for Starship’s Mk3 prototype, the first Super Heavy hardware, and many more rockets to come.

Prior to Musk’s tweet, a Starship tank dome was actually shipped all the way from Florida to Texas and arrived earlier this month. Meanwhile, technicians have been briskly building up an additional dome using what appears to be a different method of integration involving new parts. SpaceX is currently attempting to weld Starship’s tank domes together from several dozen pre-formed sheets of stainless steel.

The sheets of steel assembled into the dome Musk showed on December 27th likely arrived in Boca Chica on December 13th, implying that SpaceX has managed to complete the majority of the first dome prototype – using a new process – in barely two weeks.

After SpaceX lifted the partially-completed dome off one of its custom assembly jigs, workers almost instantly began staging new sections of steel, beginning the process of integrating yet another tank dome – now likely the fourth on-site in Boca Chica. Meanwhile, at a nearby section of SpaceX’s Boca Chica production facilities, yet another dome was visible on the 28th. In short, SpaceX should soon have more than enough tank domes to complete the next Starship prototype – said to be a significantly improved and refined design compared to Mk1.

Known as Starship Mk3 (or Starship SN01), Musk says that the rocket – currently just a miscellaneous collection of separate parts – could (“hopefully”) be ready for its first flight as soon as February or March 2020.

Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes.

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A few of Elon Musk’s most notable creations, including the newly released Cybertruck, “Cyberquad” ATV, and Boring Co. “Not-a-Flamethrower” managed to make it into a new music video from noted rapper Travis Scott.

Tesla’s recently unveiled Cybertruck and its matching ATV were included in Scott’s video, which has gained over 1.1 million views in less than 24 hours. Scott’s most recent project didn’t just include Tesla’s latest creations, either, as the track also included a group named “JACKBOYS,” featuring a number of notable names in the entertainment industry.

The song in the video is titled “GANG GANG” and features artists like Sheck Wes, Don Toliver, and Luxury Tax. Despite all of these names, the stars of the show were arguably the all-electric Tesla Cybertruck and Cyberquad. Scott, recognized by his alias “Huncho Jack” in the video, can be seen riding around in the ATV in various scenes. The Cybertruck and Cyberquad’s scenes in the music video seemed to have been shot at Tesla’s Design Center in Hawthorne, CA as well.

Known for his relationship with pop-culture figure Kylie Jenner, Travis Scott’s 2018 album “Astroworld” won the 2019 BET Hip Hop’s Best Album of the Year award and received nominations for the 2019 Grammy Awards “Best Rap Album” and the 2019 Billboard Music Awards Top Album. The album was streamed 349.43 million times in its first week, making it the fifth-largest streaming album in one week.

Scott’s most recent album has catapulted his success into extraordinary levels. It is unknown how the artist gained access to the Cybertruck or the elusive ATV, but it is likely his increased popularity has gained credibility with some of the world’s most influential figures. This includes Tesla CEO Elon Musk. In fact, Musk was spotted with some of the biggest names in celebrity culture at the annual Kardashian Christmas Party in late December. Musk was seen with girlfriend Grimes, along with Kim Kardashian-West and husband Kanye West and Travis Scott.

The Cybertruck has three different variants and starts at $39,900 for its Single-Motor trim, $49,900 for the Dual-Motor, and $69,900 for the Tri-Motor. The truck has become one of the most talked-about vehicles of the year, especially following recognition from names like Min-Liang Tan of the Razer gaming hardware company and UFC Superstar Conor McGregor. The truck’s interesting and unique build continues to defy stereotypes, becoming one of the most popular topics of the year as a result.

You can watch the GANG GANG music video from JACKBOYS that features the Cybertruck, ATV, and the Not-a-Flamethrower below.

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Tesla’s first V3 Supercharger in China went online today and is now officially open to the public in Jinqiao, Shanghai. The 250 kW Supercharger, capable of charging at over 1,000 miles per hour, is one of many to come as the electric carmaker prepares for mass deliveries of its locally-made Model 3 electric sedan. Tesla currently has nearly 300 Superchargers across 140 cities in China and will continue to upgrade its charging infrastructure with third-generation Superchargers.

By cutting the charging time of Tesla’s electric vehicles, especially at busy locations like the Shanghai Supercharger in Jinqiao, Tesla will ensure better throughput at each station thereby minimizing the need to increase the number of stalls, while supporting a higher volume of vehicles.

Tesla Supercharger V3 stalls in Shanghai, China (Credit: Tesla China)

Tesla Model 3 touchscreen V3 Supercharging China (Credit: Tesla China via Ray4Tesla/Twitter)

Tesla Model 3 Supercharger V3 in Shanghai, China (Credit: Tesla China)

H/T to @Ray4Tesla

Tesla’s first V3 Supercharger went live last March in Fremont, California and wowed the electric vehicle community with 1MW power cabinet with peak rates of as high as 250kW per car.

“Supercharger stations with V3’s new power electronics are designed to enable any owner to charge at the full power their battery can take – no more splitting power with a vehicle in the stall next to you. With these significant technical improvements, we anticipate the typical charging time at a V3 Supercharger will drop to around 15 minutes,” Tesla wrote on its blog.

Overall, Tesla has around 15,000 operational Supercharger stalls across the globe, a big milestone it achieved earlier this month. This network handles around 64,000 sessions a day and uses roughly 2.25GWh of energy.

While Tesla does not disclose the number of live V3 Superchargers today, it continues the expansion of its network. Just last week, the carmakers Trans-Canada Supercharger route that consists mainly of V3 Superchargers went live. In the same period, London Tesla owners welcomed the arrival of V3 Superchargers in the country.

Here’s a short video from Tesla China showcasing the newly-opened V3 Supercharger in Shanghai:

Tesla China’s first V3 Supercharger station is officially open to public, located at Jinqiao, Shanghai. pic.twitter.com/rg6xLCT4HV

— Tesla China (@teslacn) December 27, 2019

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Tesla’s Neural Net continues to improve and become more advanced on a daily basis, but it appears that the electric car maker is making sure that it will evolve at an even faster rate in the future. A recent patent, for example, would allow Tesla’s autonomous driving systems to work more efficiently, thanks to a new data pipeline focused on optimized image processing.

Tesla’s patent for “Data Pipeline and Deep Learning System for Autonomous Driving” was published on December 26. The idea behind the patent is to revolutionize and improve upon past deep learning systems that have been used for autonomous driving vehicles. In the past, these systems have used “captured sensor data” to retrieve information.

Tesla recognizes the need for new sensors when data becomes more complex. According to the electric car maker’s patent, there is “a need for a customized data pipeline that can maximize the signal information from the captured sensor data and provide a higher level of signal information to the deep learning network for deep learning analysis.”

The system described in this patent would capture an image using any of the sensors or cameras on the vehicle. In this case, this would describe a high dynamic range camera, camera sensor, radar sensor, or ultrasonic sensor. The image would then be broken down through a “high-pass” or ‘lo-pass” filter and a series of processors would then decipher what the image means.

The flowchart below describes what the process of the vehicle learning the information would look like. “Receive Sensor Data” is the first portion of this process. Then, data will be broken down and pre-processed for the system to then begin its “Deep Learning Analysis.” The results will then be passed along to the vehicle’s Artificial Intelligence Processor to be utilized during vehicle control.

In another process, the series of information that is retrieved from these images will be compared to data compiled from other Tesla users on a global scale. This will alleviate concerns that drivers may have that the system could perform the wrong process when driving autonomously. The aim of the patent is to create a safe driving experience and improve upon the already solid performance of Tesla’s autonomous driving software, and do so in a process that is more efficient than before.

By using this process, Tesla is able to maintain as much resolution as possible from the images captured by its vehicles’ cameras and sensors. This then allows the Neural Network to more efficiently learn from the data packets that it is receiving. This allows the Neural Network to work with better images in a more efficient manner as well, which opens the doors to faster autonomous driving improvements. These efficiencies would work very well with the additional horsepower offered by Tesla’s Hardware 3 computer, which is specifically designed for full self-driving with built-in redundancies.

Building upon the foundation that Tesla has already laid down in terms of its Full Self Driving suite, the recent patent suggests that the company is now attempting to narrow down on the finer points of its software’s performance. The addition of this patent will not only create a safer driving experience for owners of Tesla vehicles but will bring the quickly approaching future of fully-autonomous vehicles even closer to completion.

The full text of Tesla’s new data pipeline and deep learning patent could be viewed here.

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Tesla Made-in-China Model 3 electric sedans will be exempted from a 10 percent purchase tax, the country’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced on Friday. This is a win for Tesla, a company that’s trying to penetrate the largest electric car market in the world.

The locally-made Model 3 was initially priced to start at around $50,000 and the latest announcement from Chinese authorities spells significant savings for consumers. At Tesla’s end, the tax exemption is a big boost for its mass-produced electric sedan, which is set for a head-on collision with local EV offerings and rival electric and electrified cars from automotive giants such as BMW and Daimler.

The purchase tax exemption for made-in-china Model 3s reported by Bloomberg today does not come as a surprise, as a similar concession was reached in August when a 10 percent purchase tax exemption was granted to 16 variants of Tesla Model S, X, and 3 that are sold in the country.

Earlier this month, two variants of the Model 3 were also included in the list of new energy vehicles that will receive subsidies of around $3,600 from the government.

There were brief reports in mid-December that the U.S. carmaker will lower the prices of locally-made Model 3 units by 20 percent and while this was quickly refuted by Tesla China, speculations remain that it may eventually slash the electric sedan’s price to make the vehicle more attractive to the mass market. This is consistent with CEO Elon Musk statements before that China might be its biggest market for the Model 3 and that demand for the Model 3 might hit 5,000 units a week in the long-term.

The latest tax exemption granted to the brand comes amid news that Tesla has secured a $1.29 billion loan from Chinese banks that will be used to support the construction and production at its Gigafactory 3. The new loan can also be used to pay for a debt that was used to construct the first phase of its Shanghai-based facility, which is due March 2020.

Prior to the deliveries of the Model 3 in the country, the first Tesla V3 Supercharger went online. Recently, the company also posted job listings to beef up its Gigafactory 3 workforce as it ramps up Model 3 production.

Tesla is closing the year strong with these developments in China, as well as positive news coming out of Germany where it is currently hoping to lay the first brick of its Gigafactory 4 in Brandenburg. As a result, Tesla stock has been rising this holiday season, making the company one of the best performing automotive stocks of the year, hitting the mythical $420 mark on Monday and hitting the $430 level on Thursday.

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A newly published patent from Tesla aims to bring the company’s idea for a one-million mile battery to life by using numerous electrolyte additives to increase the longevity and performance of its lithium-ion cells.

Tesla submitted the patent for “Dioxazolones and Nitrile Sulfites as Electrolyte Additives for Lithium-Ion Batteries” in August 2018. The patent is focused on improving the company’s rechargeable battery systems by adjusting the cells’ chemistry.

The patent claims that the addition of electrolyte additives, like lithium salt, can drastically improve the longevity and performance of battery systems when combined with a nonaqueous solution. A nonaqueous solution does not include water as the solvent, but rather another liquid.

The patent states:

Electrolyte additives have been shown to be operative and increase the lifetime and performance of Li-ion-based batteries… To further progress the adoption of electric vehicles and grid energy storage applications, it is desirable to develop lithium-ion cell chemistries that offer longer lifetimes at high temperatures and high cell voltages, without significantly increasing cost. The introduction of sacrificial electrolyte additives on the order of a few weight percent is a practical method to form protective solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers that limit electrolyte decomposition during cell storage and operation. In recent years, significant efforts have yielded a large number of such additives that may be used to improve cell performance for various applications. Examples are vinylene carbonate (VC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), prop-l-ene-l,3-sultone (PES), ethylene sulfate (1, 3, 2-dioxathiolane-2, 2-dioxide, DTD), and lithium difluorophosphate (LFO)

Tesla recognizes that increased temperatures are detrimental to the lifespan of a battery system. In a previous patent, Tesla outlined a cooling system that could lead to longer-lasting energy storage systems. While heat is unavoidable as it is a key player in the use of lithium-ion batteries, especially when owners of Tesla vehicles are operating in performance modes, engineers realize the solvents and solutions could be a way to improve performance and lifespan without significantly increasing cost.

In a way, a good part of Tesla’s lead in the electric car industry lies in the company’s batteries, or more specifically, its cell chemistry. It is these factors that allow Tesla to maximize its vehicles’ battery packs, and a key reason why the Model S Long Range is able to travel 373 miles on one charge with a 100 kWh battery, and why the Porsche Taycan can only go 201 miles per charge on a pack that’s nearly as large. This patent confirms that Tesla continues to work on improving its batteries, allowing the company to maintain or even increase its lead in the EV segment.

At Tesla’s Autonomy Day in April 2019, Elon Musk promised owners that the company would soon power its vehicles for upwards of one million miles over the span of the vehicle’s life. While the claim seemed enthusiastic and somewhat unrealistic, critics soon realized Tesla may be closer to this than many think. In September, a team of researchers led by Jeff Dahn at Dalhousie University published a research paper that claimed they had developed a lithium-ion battery capable of one million miles of driving, or 20 years of use in an energy-storage system.

Tesla’s battery technology continues to advance thanks to developments from its engineers. It appears Tesla is aiming to create a line of products that will last decades. In terms of automobiles, it would be groundbreaking to have a car that could run for 20 or 30 years with relatively no annual maintenance. Convenience, performance, and longevity are three things Tesla’s products are aimed toward, and the patent for an advanced and more affordable battery system thanks to an electrolyte solvent could alleviate any concerns some owners may have.

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