LNG: TESLARATI

Elon Musk has posted a new glimpse inside SpaceX’s South Texas Starship factory, revealing a nearly-completed rocket nosecone and indicating that the first upgraded Starship prototype’s flight debut is imminent.

SpaceX teams have been working around the clock for a little over a month to build the first full-scale, flightworthy Starship prototype, a process that only began after two ‘test tanks’ were fabricated, assembled, and pressurized until they burst on January 10th and 28th. Built with improved tools and methods, those test results – particularly from the second test tank – allowed SpaceX to empirically confirm that its current infrastructure and techniques are ready to manufacture orbital-class (and even human-rated) Starships right now.

And so work on the first truly flightworthy Starship prototype – known as SN01 (serial number 01) – thus began in earnest around mid-January, perhaps less than a month ago. Over the course of that month, SpaceX’s South Texas team has made spectacular progress. Starship SN01’s business half – comprised of a Raptor engine section, a liquid oxygen tank, a methane tank, and all associated tank domes and plumbing – is likely just a single big stacking and welding event away from being structurally complete. The upper section of the prototype – Starship’s curved nose and a few less-critical steel rings – has, however, been a bit more elusive.

Aside from a few partial glimpses earlier this month, that nose appeared for the first time two or so weeks on a local resident’s livestream earlier today – just a few hours before Musk offered an even better view inside the same tent it was spotted in. Situated in the second large sprung structure erected at SpaceX’s Boca Chica, Texas facilities, Musk’s video revealed that that tent – really only completed less than two weeks ago – is already full of Starship production hardware.

Without exaggerating, it’s safe to say that SpaceX has effectively gone from a handful of parts worth of Texas rocket production to a multi-vehicle, Starship production line concurrently manufacturing multiple vehicles in about eight weeks. While it would be theoretically easy for critics and a more general audience to see little more than some cheap stainless steel parts in a few hastily-constructed temporary tents, the reality is that SpaceX has already proven – at a minimum – that a steel Starship built with the exact same tools, facilities, and methods will likely be capable of spaceflight.

SpaceX’s January 2020 Starship test tank program proved as much, demonstrating that thin steel tanks built in tents can serve as orbital-class pressure vessels and survive at internal pressures greater as high as 8.5 bar (125 psi) while filled with cryogenic (extremely cold) liquid. Meanwhile, Tesla’s Fremont factory General Assembly line 4 (GA4) – having continuously churned out high-quality Model 3s for more than a year – has proven that sprung structures can make for fast, cheap, and more or less permanent factory solutions. Prospective SpaceX competitor Blue Origin even based its own brand new headquarters – opened in January 2020 – around an odd U-shaped sprung structure.

Nevertheless, SpaceX’s small test tank successes do not necessarily guarantee that the same kind of tests performed at full scale will be equally successful. The biggest proof of concept for SpaceX’s upgraded Starship production methods will involve manufacturing, fueling, static-firing, and – eventually – flying a complete Starship prototype built with the same methods as those test tanks.

The pressure vessel section of Starship SN01 – said pathfinder prototype – appears to be nearly complete, missing only its integrated engine section and oxygen tank dome before it could theoretically be ready to start cryogenic testing. Incredibly, information acquired and published by NASASpaceflight.com reporter Michael Baylor indicates that SpaceX wants to complete the prototype and transport Starship to its nearby launch site just ten days from now.

A step further, if things go as planned, SpaceX wants to install Starship SN01’s three Raptor engines and perform a live static fire test as soon as early March. In short, SpaceX’s Starship program is likely about to enter a new period of ambitious, rapid-fire testing. Stay tuned!

Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes.

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Tesla is working on a new 110 kWh battery pack configuration that can stretch range well beyond 400 miles, according to a new discovery made in Tesla’s battery management system (BMS) firmware.

Jason Hughes, a notable Tesla owner and hacker who first uncovered the company’s plans for a “P100D” variant in 2016, found references to a larger battery pack capacity in the latest BMS firmware. “There is a packID that starts life set to ~109 kWh usable (400+ miles),” noted Hughes via Twitter, further suggesting that Tesla might be preparing for a battery pack as large as 115 kWh in capacity when factoring Tesla’s battery reserve.

Additionally, Hughes discovery points to a new battery pack configuration with 108 cells per group at ~450 volts per pack that could very well be a universal design to replace the aging Model S and Model X battery pack, while centralizing architecture for the Model 3 and upcoming Model Y.

Spent a little time RE’ing some recent Tesla BMS firmware.

Some variables were tweaked to fit 108 cell groups (~450V pack).

There is a packID that starts life set to ~109 kWh usable (400+ miles).

Bunch of other tweaks suggest prep for new S/X/3 pack configs at some point. 🔋

— Jason Hughes (@wk057) February 19, 2020

Battery pack improvements don’t come as a surprise considering CEO Elon Musk disclosed during the Tesla Q4 2019 earnings call that the company is rapidly approaching a 400-mile range for the Model S. “It won’t be long before Model S has 400-mile range,” said Musk.

Just last week, Tesla Model S received a range boost from 370 miles to 390 miles of EPA-rated range, while the flagship Model X SUV saw an increase from 328 miles to 351 miles.

With confirmation from Tesla CEO Elon Musk that the next-generation Model S and Model X will utilize a larger capacity battery to support its new Plaid Powertrain, the latest leak by Hughes can be seen as further validation that new battery advancements will be announced soon.

A future battery pack upgrade can only help Tesla break the 400-mile barrier and widen the range gap with any would-be competition. Tesla ups the ante and solidifies its position as the leader of the pack in the electric vehicle industry with its focus on new battery advancements – something the community expects Elon Musk to present in its upcoming “Battery Day”.

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A new teardown of the Tesla Model 3 by Nikkei Business Publications just sent a shiver through the spine of legacy automakers. Based on the findings of the teardown, it is becoming evident that the company’s tech is on an entirely different level compared to the electronics used by veteran automakers today, and a lot of it has to do with Tesla’s custom Full Self-Driving computer. 

Following a thorough analysis of the Model 3, an engineer who works at a major Japanese automaker noted there was just no way for other carmakers to match Tesla’s level of tech. “We cannot do it,” the engineer admitted. 

Tesla’s Full Self-Driving computer, also known as Hardware 3, features a custom design from the electric car maker that makes the unit optimized for autonomous driving applications. At the core of the FSD computer are two 260 sq mm AI chips, which were developed by Tesla with the help of legendary chip designer and Apple alumni Pete Bannon. 

Nikkei notes that Tesla’s current platform, which features a powerful computer at the center of the vehicle, will likely be crucial to the next generation of cars. Tomorrow’s vehicles will require enough computing power to handle large amounts of data, especially with the advent of full self-driving cars. 

Considering that industry insiders expect connected cars to take hold around 2025, and considering that Tesla has started deploying HW3 to its vehicle lineup in 2019, the Silicon Valley-based electric car maker may very well have beaten its more experienced competitors by a whole six years. And that’s only on the hardware front. Tesla’s real-world data lead will likely be a difference-maker as well. 

Ultimately, Nikkei noted that its Model 3 teardown showed one thing: Tesla’s undeniable lead in tech is partly due to the company not being tied down to traditional automotive supply chains. The publication noted that if traditional automakers adopt a similar strategy as Tesla today, they would have to drastically cut the number of electronic control units that they use in their vehicles. This would result in massive blows to supply chains that vehicle-makers rely on. 

Unlike veteran car companies, Nikkei found that most of Tesla’s components on its vehicles bear the logo of the company, not a supplier. This shows that the company is not shackled to multiple other firms, making the company free to pursue the best technologies available. This also allows Tesla to have unprecedented control over its cars and how they function. This independence, as it turns out, is something that could give the company an edge in the automotive market. 

And for some veterans, this is starting to become a very frightening thought. 

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The Ford Mustang Mach-E has made waves in the electric vehicle sector, thanks to its combination of features, price, and its rather controversial name. Recently, the American automaker formally took a select group of reviewers in London for a brief ride in its newest electric car. Reviews of the short drive gave some insight on how Ford’s newest battery electric vehicle will compare to its most comparable counterparts, like the upcoming Tesla Model Y.

Car Magazine writer Tom Wiltshire shared that his first impressions of the Mach-E was that the vehicle looked smaller than its 4.7-meter length. Strangely enough, the vehicle’s Mustang cues actually work for the Mach-E, giving the all-electric crossover a distinct look that’s good and aggressive at the same time.

Make no mistake, the Mach-E is still a premium electric vehicle, and Car Magazine‘s writers noted that. The vehicle’s instant torque provided a satisfying surge of acceleration. That being said, the Mach-E’s 0-60 mph prototype’s run of less than five seconds does not hit “in the same way a Tesla would,” according to Wilshire. It’s plenty quick — just not Tesla quick.

The Ford Mustang Mach-E offers three driving modes that are interestingly (or perhaps strangely) dubbed as “Whisper,” “Engage,” and “Unbridled.” It also offers a One-Pedal Mode for regenerative braking, a feature Car and Driver writers raved about on the Model S. The suspension was firm but the seats were comfortable, making the ride pleasant. Its refinement was easily on Tesla’s level, according to the reviewers. However, its EU-required noisemaker was mostly absent of the “distinctive but emotional” sound that Ford listed for the car.

The car’s interior felt impressively high-quality and while the vehicle’s dash screen was difficult to operate, its speaker system is unique in that it spanned the full width of the car. This provides the Mach-E with great interior sound, though it would meet some strong competition with the Model Y and its custom Tesla speakers, which have garnered rave reviews from owners.

While it is too early to tell if the Mach-E will be a success, the look of the car its performance during its short drive through the streets of London was fairly impressive. “If the price tag is right and Ford can pull off the same trick it’s been doing for many years this could be an EV well worth watching,” Wiltshire wrote.

The Ford Mustang Mach-E will be competing in the same segment as the Tesla Model Y, and while the two vehicles are comparable for sure in terms of pricing, acceleration, range, and cargo capacity, they could inevitably complement each other in the growing crossover market. With competitive pricing and specs right on point with the Model Y, many of the electric crossovers that have been produced by some of the legacy automakers such as the Jaguar I-PACE could be in for a rude awakening.

Ford’s move toward electric vehicles was complimented by Tesla CEO Elon Musk, who has always noted that his company’s competition does not lie within other EVs, but within carmakers who refuse to adapt to the electric revolution. Sustainable transportation options are becoming more prevalent as some of the largest automakers in the world are fully embracing the new wave of transportation.

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The Tesla Model 3 was ranked number 1 on a new study that analyzed the value retention of vehicles on the market. The Model 3 only showed a depreciation of 5.5% compared to the price of a new unit. That’s half the depreciation compared of the second-ranked vehicle on the study’s Top 10 list, the incredibly popular Ford Ranger pickup truck.

The study from iSeeCars.com noted the difference in value between two Model 3s manufactured a year apart was only $2,529. That’s just roughly the price of a few options from Tesla’s online configurator, like paint and white seats. With prices this close, there will likely be very little incentive for prospective EV buyers to opt for a second-hand Model 3.

One of the key motivations for buyers of second-hand cars is the supposed low price of the used vehicles themselves. Cars are notorious for losing a significant part of their value as soon as they are driven off the lot, and generally, electric vehicles see an even steeper depreciation. But for Tesla buyers, the high value retention of the company’s vehicles means that most of the time, it becomes far more practical to acquire a brand new Model 3 from the electric car maker.

This is something that was highlighted by iSeeCars CEO Phong Ly in a statement. “Instead of buying a car that’s already been driven for one year, consumers can buy the new version of select vehicles with a purchase price of just a few thousand dollars more to avoid the uncertainties that come with purchasing a used vehicle,” he said.

The iSeeCars CEO has valid points. There are notable uncertainties when one purchases an electric car. A second-hand car whose previous owner was careless may be prone to more issues compared to a new vehicle, for example. Apart from this, purchasing new cars offer a lot of benefits to consumers, since buyers will have full control on what their cars will be equipped with, from its interior to software-based features such as the Full Self-Driving suite.

The benefits of new Teslas extend beyond the cars’ buyers as well. The electric car maker benefits from operating a fleet of vehicles that are comprised of mostly new cars. Tesla is known for incrementally improving its vehicles to an almost obsessive degree. This means that when it comes to Teslas, it is always in the best interest of consumers to purchase the latest cars to make sure that they are getting the best tech and features available.

Does this mean that there is no place for Teslas in the second hand market? Definitely not. Second-hand Teslas will likely play a valuable role in the years to come, considering that the company is still expanding its presence across the globe and is yet to enter some large markets like India. Tesla is on a path towards a future where it could eventually produce millions of cars every year. Once this happens, Teslas will likely become ubiquitous enough that the second-hand market for the company’s electric cars will be friendlier to buyers.

Second-hand Teslas can also play a huge role in the company’s Robotaxi Network, which will utilize vehicles for ride-hailing services. For owners who wish to operate several Robotaxis, even the small savings offered by pre-owned vehicles will go a long way to ensure that their return of investment is quick. For now, though, and as long as Tesla is demand constrained, buyers can expect the Model 3 to resiliently retain its value years after it is purchased.

If there is anything shown in iSeeCars’ recent study, it is that Tesla is breaking stereotypes once more. A separate study from the firm showed that electric vehicles depreciate by 56.6% in three years, significantly more than 38.2% average depreciation across most petrol vehicles. Tesla has bucked this trend, however, with its entire lineup of vehicles like the Model 3, Model S, and Model X.

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Tesla’s (NASDAQ:TSLA) potential to serve as a battery supplier for other automotive companies has encouraged Wall Street to raise its price target for the electric car maker. In a recent note, Morgan Stanley analyst Adam Jonas updated his bull case for Tesla to $1,200 per share, a far cry from his previous $650.

Jonas nearly doubled his bull case on Tuesday after recognizing the company’s ability to become a key supplier for electric car makers. With Tesla’s reported acquisition of multiple battery research companies and partnerships with other organizations like China-based CATL, the task of becoming a main battery supplier for EVs is not necessarily far fetched.

TSLA closed at $800.03 on Friday and did not trade on Monday due to the American President’s Day Holiday. Yet TSLA shares rose sharply on Monday’s pre-market following Jonas’ upgrade. Tesla would need to rise a further 50% to reach Morgan Stanley’s new target, but he believes it is plausible as Tesla could win 30% of the global electric car market. The analyst noted this was an “aggressive assumption” in his report.

To reach these figures, Jonas stated that Tesla would need to deliver 4 million cars by 2030 and prove to the market that it has the capability to supply powertrains, batteries, and electric motors to other car manufacturers. Tesla’s biggest year was 2019 where they delivered 367,500 cars over twelve months. With the addition of both the Model Y crossover and the Cybertruck, achieving the delivery goal may very well be feasible.

Toni Sacconaghi, an analyst for Bernstein, also raised his price target for TSLA from $325 to $730. Sacconaghi was vocal about the “extremely unusual” rise in Tesla stock price after its surge but has seemed to accept the idea that the company may be “sustainably profitable.” He is still slightly uneasy about justifying Tesla’s current share price, but with the Model 3’s steady demand, and company’s gross margins and operating expenses improving, $730 was certainly understandable.

Sacconaghi wrote a note to clients that stated “Tesla is the ultimate ‘possibility’ stock,” and could grow its addressable market by more than 30-fold in the next 20 years. If Tesla shares were to drop 50%, its market could still grow 15 times within the two-decade time frame.” Sacconaghi maintained his Hold-equivalent rating for the electric car maker.

Tesla’s meteoric rise since its breakthrough Q3 2019 earnings could be attributed to a variety of things, including some shorts exiting their positions, Giga Shanghai’s faster-than-expected delivery of the Model 3, or even investors all trying to get a piece of the Tesla pie.

As of writing, Tesla stock is trading +6.09% at $848.78 per share. 

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Tesla is reportedly in advanced talks to use cobalt-free batteries by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd (CATL) in cars produced at Giga Shanghai in China.

People knowledgeable about the matter have stated that the US electric car maker has been in talks with CATL for more than a year to supply lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries for its MIC Model 3 that are produced in Giga Shanghai. These batteries are cheaper by “double-digit percent” than the batteries currently used in its vehicles, Reuters reported.

Both companies did not comment about the said negotiations but if this report holds water, this will be the first time for Tesla to include LFP batteries in its vehicle lineup. Such adoption will help lower the cost of production and will allow Tesla to adjust its strategy to establish a strong presence in the biggest automotive market in the world.

According to the people with knowledge of the matter, Tesla will not stop using nickel-cobalt-aluminum (NCA) batteries in its vehicles and it’s not yet clear to what extent Tesla will use the LFP batteries. Nickel-cobalt-aluminum or nickel-manganese-cobalt (NCM) batteries are the go-to batteries of electric vehicle manufacturers because of their higher density, which allows EVs to have ample range on a single charge.

Tesla focuses on NCA with lower cobalt content than NCM batteries but the possible deal with CATL can help Tesla and Elon Musk to meet the CEO’s statement in 2018 that the carmaker will completely cut the use of cobalt for its vehicle batteries. Cobalt costs around $33,500 a ton, the most expensive component of EV batteries, and is often linked to controversial mining practices. Such practices form the Achilles heel of battery production as mining cobalt is associated with human rights issues such as child labor, among other ethical issues.

If Tesla takes the step to zero-cobalt batteries, it could lead the charge toward even greener vehicles. As more and more countries attempt to shift to electric vehicles, Tesla’s focus on batteries is proven right and if these talks with CATL materialize, legacy carmakers trying to catch up with the Silicon Valley carmaker can only end up even further behind.

Cobalt, a mineral that’s rarer than lithium comes as a byproduct of mining nickel or copper, is practically the safe element in the cathode of the batteries that help it retain its capacity long-term. According to Reuters‘ sources for its recent report, CATL has been working on its cell-to-pack technology to improve the density and safety of its LFP batteries.

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While a German court ordered Tesla to stop clearing around 90 hectares of the man-made forest where Giga Berlin will rise, the country’s economic minister, organization of German industries, and an economic research institute known for supporting socially-responsible free-market economy voiced out their support for Elon Musk’s electric car company.

Federal Minister of Economics Peter Altmaier pushed for the speedy construction of Tesla’s first car factory in Europe. He emphasized that Germany, just like other countries, can find a balance between economy and ecology.

“The construction of the Tesla automobile plant in Brandenburg has been of great importance for more climate protection and one of the most important industrial settlements in the new federal states for a long time,” Altmaier said.

The Berlin-Brandenburg Higher Administrative Court ordered a halt of clearing operations on Saturday following a complaint lodged by local environment activist group Green League of Brandenburg. The environment ministry in Germany gave Tesla the green light to begin work at its own risk on Thursday while the final construction permit is pending.

The Federal Association of German Industry (BDI) also warned that the delay of such big projects in Germany could be detrimental for the country and weakens its appeal to investors. The organization is calling for stronger political will and for faster procedures.

“Approval procedures for industrial plants have developed into a massive obstacle to investment not only since the application of a US company. If there is no decisive countermeasure now, Germany as an investment location is at risk of sustained damage,” BDI President Dieter Kempf told German publication Tagesspiegel.

The BDI mentioned how the proceedings for big projects have almost doubled in duration in the last decade. For a specific example, the association cited cell phone tower approvals averaging 18 months in Germany while only taking four to six months in other countries.

The Institute of Germany Business (IW) echoed the worries of the BDI. IW director Michael Hüther told the media that it would be a big problem if investments are at risk of failing because of long planning processes, protests, and objections.

Tesla’s Giga Berlin has been cleared of water supply concerns last week and has started implementing environmental control measures according to plan. The carmaker hopes to begin construction by mid-March and plans to flick the switch on of the car factory by July 2021 for the initial production of 150,000 vehicles per year. The factory is expected to create about 8,000 jobs for locals and other workers from nearby countries.

YouTube user J-U. Koehler has a nice comparison of the progress of work in Grunheide:

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Tesla is taking another step to provide more efficient and top-quality customer service, this time by introducing specialized Service Centers that will cater to specific vehicle models.

Tesla owners in Orange County, California recently received an email informing them that the new Service Center in Santa Ana will only schedule Model 3 vehicles for servicing while the Service Center in Costa Mesa will be dedicated to serving owners of Model X and Model S. Other service centers in the county will continue to service all Tesla vehicle models.

The following email was sent to some Tesla to owners in Orange County (Credit: ericbs via TMC)

We are excited to announce the opening of our newest Service Center in Santa Ana — designated for Model 3.

Starting today, to improve the service experience for all owners, Santa Ana will only schedule Model 3 owners, while Costa Mesa will only schedule Model S and Model X owners. All other Service Centers in the area will continue to serve all Models.

Schedule your next appointment with your Tesla app. For most repairs, Mobile Service will be selected when scheduling your appointment to have a technician come to you — the most convenient way of servicing your car.

We look forward to delivering tailored service throughout Orange County.

With Service Centers in over 32 countries and a growing Mobile Service Fleet, Tesla’s specialized service centers can be seen as an efficient way to improve throughput at each location. With specialization, Tesla as an organization can make its customer service workforce perform their work more effectively. A Model 3 car mechanic, for example, will have a specialized set of skills specific to fixing the mass-produced sedan and this familiarity with the vehicle will result in quicker turnaround. Gaps in skills can also be avoided which in turn will lead to a lower risk of errors in the job and lead to less supervision needed.

This latest move by Tesla shows its commitment to addressing the concerns of its customers.  In 2019, a survey by research firm Bernstein concluded that Tesla owners love their cars but the automaker’s biggest problem is its customer service. Elon Musk has also promised last year that Tesla would stock all common parts at its service centers so services can be completed quickly.

Having Tesla Service Centers with a specific focus on the vehicle model will also help boost the confidence of its customer base, which can translate to brand loyalty. While Tesla vehicles do not require regular maintenance, the Silicon Valley carmaker, since the start, has made its service support easily accessible to vehicle owners. Model 3, Model S, or Model  X owners can easily book a service visit appointment via the Tesla app. There is also the option for mobile service support where technicians will go to a customer’s location on the owner’s preferred date and time. From the palm of one’s hand, owners can practically book a service in less than a minute.

Last month, Tesla announced during its Q4 2019 update that its mobile service fleet has almost doubled in 2019 to 743 vehicles. The company continues to experiment with ways to make customer service more convenient, such as the integration of service bookings with platforms like China’s WeChat and QR codes.

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