LNG: TESLARATI

Tesla has invented a technique for increasing its all-electric vehicles’ power and torque by simply adjusting the shape of some of its electric motor’s components.

A recently published US patent application titled “Geometry of Rotor End Ring and Stator End Turns” describes how Tesla accomplishes this. According to the application, certain internal parts of an electric motor can be modified to reduce power losses from leaks in the magnetic field that effectively make the motor smaller.

The primary components of electric motors – the rotor and the stator – together generate the motion used to operate a vehicle. Simply, a magnetic field produced by electricity running through copper wires in the stator cause the magnetized bars of the rotor to spin. However, when the motor is operating at high speed, some of the electromagnetic force is lost, reducing the motor’s power.

Tesla has identified two places where this loss can be reduced – the end parts of the stator and rotor. The copper wiring in these parts is wrapped around cutout shapes, and after some testing, Tesla’s engineers learned that different shapes give different results. Per the application, “geometries for rotor end ring and stator end turns can be chosen in a way that improves performance or other characteristics of the motor.”

Overall, electric current flow becomes concentrated in different spots on the motor depending on the ‘geometry’ of these parts, thus an opportunity to limit any losses has presented itself by controlling where the concentrations happen. Tesla has filed this application to protect the process (‘method’) of building a motor with the geometry knowledge made part of the design and testing.

The process is described in the application’s Abstract as follows:

“A method of making an AC induction motor includes: providing a rotor and a stator for the AC induction motor; determining, for different geometries of an end ring of the rotor, a location of a first centroid of current density in the end ring; determining, for end turns of the stator, a location of a second centroid of current density in the end turns; selecting a geometry for at least the endring of the rotor so that an axial distance between the first centroid of current density and the second centroid of current density is minimized; and assembling the AC induction motor, wherein the end turns and the end ring have the selected geometries.”

Although the publication was only recently available to the public, this application is related to another patent that was filed in 2015, meaning that Tesla is likely already implementing the findings and invention into their manufacturing process. This is rather unsurprising considering the company’s tendency to constantly improve its vehicles’ components as soon as the upgrades are available. Elon Musk himself has mentioned this on Twitter, stating that Tesla’s electric cars are “partially upgraded every month as soon as a new subsystem is ready for production.” This was also highlighted by President of Automotive Jerome Guillen last December, when he highlighted that the designs of Tesla’s batteries are always evolving.

Automotive teardown expert Sandy Munro concluded following a thorough analysis of an early-production Model 3 that the vehicle’s electric motors are among the best in the industry today. In an appearance at YouTube’s Autoline TV, Munro noted that the Model 3’s electric motors are more efficient and more cost-effective than the motors found in the Chevy Bolt EV and the BMW i3. “They’ve got magic. The electric motor is smaller and lighter than everybody else, but outperforms everybody,” Munro said.

The full text of Tesla’s “Geometry of Rotor End Ring and Stator End Turns” patent can be accessed here.

A group of Tesla owners was recently graced with a demo of what could very well be an upcoming improvement for Summon that has been hinted at by Elon Musk in the past. In the short demonstration, a Tesla Model 3 was shown following its operator around a parking lot like a pet, despite its operator changing locations multiple times.

A footage of the demo was recently shared on YouTube by Tesla owner Melinda VerMeer of the Portland Tesla Owners Club. The demo started off like other footage of Enhanced Summon, with the Model 3 taking itself out of a parking spot. After this, the vehicle headed to the location of its operator, who proceeded to move from one spot in the parking lot to the other. Impressively, the electric sedan performed necessary adjustments while it was being Summoned; backing up, avoiding a curb, and making rather complicated driving maneuvers on its own to “follow” its operator.

Seeing the feature in action, it is difficult to not relate the demo to Elon Musk’s mention of Summon improvements that will allow owners to walk their vehicles “like a pet.” Musk mentioned the feature on Twitter back in October. “Car will drive to your phone location & follow you like a pet if you hold down Summon button on Tesla app,” Musk wrote.

What is rather interesting about the recently captured footage is that the Model 3 seemed to react quickly whenever its operator moved around. Save for a strange maneuver that saw the Model 3 drive in reverse for a considerable distance to reach its operator, the improved Summon feature already seems quite refined and nearly ready for release.

Elon Musk mentioned a number of improvements for Summon when he posted about the feature last year. Apart from giving electric car owners the capability to walk their vehicles like a pet, Musk also mentioned a “remote control mode” that will allow drivers to operate their vehicles like a giant RC car. Perhaps a demo of “remote control mode” would come soon after? One can hope.

The present iteration of Summon uses the electric cars’ Autopilot cameras instead of the ultrasonic sensors that were utilized in the feature’s initial iterations. This strategy follows Elon Musk’s stance on full self-driving technologies, which suggests that artificial intelligence and cameras could be used as a primary means to navigate. Using this system, Musk noted that in the near future, a Tesla electric car “should be able to drive around a parking lot, find an empty spot, read signs to confirm it’s valid & park.”

Tesla is currently starting the rollout of Enhanced Summon to the first batch of owners. The feature is being introduced together with no-stalk confirmation Navigate on Autopilot, which is currently listed by Tesla as part of its full self-driving suite. A wide release for Enhanced Summon and no-confirmation Navigate on Autopilot will likely transpire within the coming weeks, after the company addresses bugs and other issues that are reported by the first batch of owners who received the new features.

Watch the brief demo of Tesla’s advanced Summon in the video below.

A report from German business newspaper Wirtschaftswoche has determined that Tesla’s batteries for the Model 3 have over four times less cobalt compared to those used by Volkswagen today, highlighting the long road ahead for traditional auto as it starts its shift towards electric vehicles.

Frank Blome, Head of the Center of Excellence for Battery Cells at Volkswagen, noted to the publication that the batteries for the Volkswagen I.D.3 (a car formerly dubbed the ID Neo) contain 12-14% cobalt. In comparison, Tesla has succeeded in reducing the cobalt content of the Model 3’s batteries to just 2.8% as of last year. Tesla has continued its battery research since then, hinting at even lower cobalt levels in the present iterations of its electric sedan.

Cobalt is one of the most controversial components of electric car batteries, partly due to the harrowing working conditions in some cobalt mines. This issue has caught the attention of veteran carmakers like BMW, which recently announced that it would not be purchasing any cobalt from the Republic of Congo, which holds some of the most scandalous cobalt mines in the world due to their use of child labor. The Volkswagen Group, for its part, has opted to release a set of strict guidelines for its suppliers, pledging to use only products that have a “clean” origin.

While the space between the cobalt content of Tesla and Volkswagen’s batteries remains prominent, Blome notes that the German carmaker is nonetheless pursuing improvements to its batteries, adding that the company’s next-generation cells are expected to have only half the cobalt content of its current batteries. “The prototype has a lower cobalt content. Our previous tests show that our quality standards are still met,” he said.

Tesla’s mastery in electric car batteries is among the company’s strongest advantages in the market. Having started its work on batteries for over a decade, Tesla is literally years ahead of the competition. A study from advisory firm Benchmark Mineral Intelligence last year concluded that from the early days of the Model S to the Model 3, Tesla was able to reduce its cobalt consumption by an average of 59% per vehicle.

Elon Musk himself has noted that Tesla is aiming to reach a point where its batteries use almost no cobalt. The company explained this in its Q1 2018 Update Letter, where it highlighted the high energy density of the Model 3’s battery cells. “Cells used in Model 3 are the highest energy density cells used in any electric vehicle. We have achieved this by significantly reducing cobalt content per battery pack while increasing nickel content and still maintaining superior thermal stability. The cobalt content of our Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum cathode chemistry is already lower than next-generation cathodes that will be made by other cell producers with a Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt ratio of 8:1:1,” Tesla wrote.

A Tesla Model 3 owner is thanking the video recording capabilities of Sentry Mode after it captured a shocking act of vandalism against his electric car. As could be seen in footage from the security feature, a woman stealthily yet aggressively keyed the Model 3 as she was ushering her children inside a Dodge Journey SUV, resulting in deep scratches to the vehicle’s body panels.

A short clip of the incident was shared on YouTube by Rafael “Teslatino“ Santoni, who noted in a conversation with Teslarati that while the incident definitely appeared premeditated, the Model 3 owner could not determine the lady’s motivation for the attack. The damage from the incident was quoted at $900 in repair costs by a third-party body shop.

Fortunately for the Model 3 owner, the footage from Sentry Mode was able to capture the entire incident, and it featured a clear shot of the woman’s face. With her identity determined, the attack was promptly reported to the police, who later arrested the woman on vandalism charges. It remains to be seen if she will be required to pay for the damages she caused to the Model 3.

Perhaps more remarkable was that the Tesla owner seemed to have had an inkling that his vehicle was about to get vandalized. A day before the attack, the Model 3 owner found a small yet worrisome scratch on his car, which resulted in him rushing to a store to purchase a 32 GB memory stick. When he parked his vehicle on a Friday, he made sure that Sentry Mode was active. As it turned out, the Tesla owner’s intuition was correct.

Tesla’s Sentry Mode uses the electric cars’ suite of cameras to record footage around the vehicle. Once activated, Sentry Mode enters its Standby state, where it monitors the electric car’s surroundings. Following this is the Alert state, where the vehicle displays a warning on its screen that states footage is being recorded. In the event of a break-in, Sentry Mode enters the Alarm state, where it blares music at maximum volume while engaging the vehicle’s lights in an attempt to attract attention.

While remarkable for their technology and performance, Tesla’s electric vehicles remain polarizing to some groups of people. Attacks on Teslas have been recorded in the past, including a road rage incident against a Model 3 that resulted in an instant karma crash, as well as an unfortunate incident involving vandals and a Supercharger. Some electric car owners have also found themselves becoming victim to acts colloquially known as ICE-ing, which refers to gas-powered cars (intentionally or unintentionally) blocking access to charging stations.

Watch a vandal attack a Tesla Model 3 in the video below.