LNG: TESLARATI

By Eric Ralph

Posted on April 19, 2019

SpaceX has gone to unique lengths for the third launch of its Falcon Heavy rocket and made an exhaustive webpage dedicated to the mission, reviewing its importance to SpaceX and the United States and discussing most of its 23 manifested spacecraft.

Known as the US Air Force’s Space Test Program 2 (STP-2) mission, Falcon Heavy Flight 3 will be a critical pathfinder for the US military’s systematic utilization of both Falcon Heavy and its flight-proven boosters.

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The STP-2 mission will be among the most challenging launches in SpaceX history with four separate upper-stage engine burns, three separate deployment orbits, a final propulsive passivation maneuver and a total mission duration of over six hours. [It] will demonstrate the capabilities of the Falcon Heavy launch vehicle and provide critical data supporting certification for future National Security Space Launch (NSSL) missions. In addition, [the USAF] will use this mission as a pathfinder for the [military’s systematic utilization of flight-proven] launch vehicle boosters.

SpaceX, April 2019

SpaceX offers a very effective summary of the various challenges presented by Falcon Heavy’s STP-2 mission and third launch. It’s as challenging as it is for one very specific and largely artificial reason. All the way back in 2012, the USAF contracted the launch to give SpaceX a low-risk opportunity to demonstrate specific capabilities the military branch requires before they certify a given rocket to launch high-value payloads. Originally intended to fly STP-2 in mid-2015, Falcon Heavy suffered almost five years of delays during its development, caused by a combination of unexpected technical difficulties and two catastrophic Falcon 9 failures in 2015 and 2016.

After spending the whole of 2017 gradually catching up on delayed customer launches, SpaceX successfully conducted Falcon Heavy’s launch debut on February 6th, 2018. Four months later, the Air Force announced that it had completed the SpaceX rocket’s preliminary certification and awarded the company a $130M launch contract for AFSPC-52, a classified military satellite. According to documents describing the mission, the satellite weighs approximately 6350 kg (~14,000 lb) and needs to be placed into a geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) measuring 35,188km X 185km (21,850 mi X 115 mi).

Conveniently, Falcon Heavy’s commercial launch debut saw the massive rocket deliver the communications satellite Arabsat 6A – weighing ~6450 kg (~14,200 lb) – into an extremely high GTO, almost 90,000 km X 330 km (56,000 mi X 205 mi). In simpler terms, Falcon Heavy Flight 2 was an almost perfect demonstration that SpaceX is more than capable of successfully launching AFSPC-52, a milestone that could come as early as H2 2020.

The STP-2 mission should help to boost the US military’s confidence in Falcon Heavy even further. The mission is comprised of 23 separate satellites from a dozen or so different groups, ranging from a NOAA weather satellite constellation to a NASA-built atomic clock. The purpose of such a varied range of payloads is to have SpaceX’s Falcon upper stage (S2) place three separate sets into three distinctly different Earth orbits, a challenge that will require the rocket to ignite its Merlin Vacuum engine four times and survive in space for more than six hours.

SpaceX has been testing this critical long-coast technology since at least February 2018, when Falcon Heavy’s debut included a six-hour coast of the upper stage to send a Tesla Roadster on an Earth escape trajectory. SpaceX completed that test successfully and said Roadster is now orbiting the sun on a trajectory that regularly reaches beyond the orbit of Mars. SpaceX has continued to test the longevity of its universal Falcon upper stage, including a handful of on-orbit demonstrations after completing customer missions.

Falcon Heavy’s side boosters land on Landing Zones 1 and 2 pic.twitter.com/nJCCaVHOeo

— SpaceX (@SpaceX) April 12, 2019

Aside from opening the door for new areas of competition in military launch procurement, successfully proving the long-coast capabilities of the Falcon upper stage will also mean that SpaceX can offer them commercially. Military launches often require long coasts in order to get spacecraft to their operating orbits as quickly as possible, typically involving an upper stage burning at the top of a transfer orbit to circularize said orbit. This capability can also be of significant value to non-government customers, however, as the faster a satellite can get to its operational orbit, the faster its owner can start using it to generate revenue. Traditionally, most commercial geostationary communications satellites are sent to transfer orbits, raising one end of the orbit (apogee) but leaving the low end (perigee) in low Earth orbit. Satellites then use their own propulsion systems to circularize their orbits before they can begin commercial operations.

It’s safe to assume that SpaceX is interested in commercially offering services like those above to make Falcon Heavy even more competitive with the likes of ULA’s Atlas/Delta/Vulcan rockets and Arianespace’s Ariane 5 and Ariane 6. The US military will almost certainly be the anchor customer, but a reliable upper stage with long-coast capabilities may one day allow Falcon Heavy to routinely launch commercial satellites directly into circular orbits or send flagship NASA spacecraft into deep space. But first, STP-2. According to Taiwan space agency NSPO, involved in the mission through their Formosat-7 constellation (also known as NOAA’s COSMIC-2), Falcon Heavy could launch STP-2 as early as June 22nd.

SpaceX’s dedicated STP-2 webpage can be viewed here.

Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes

SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy flies a complex mission for the Air Force in launch video

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By Eric Ralph

Posted on April 18, 2019

SpaceX’s first Falcon Heavy Block 5 center core (i.e. booster) has completed a bittersweet return to shore aboard drone ship Of Course I Still Love You after apparently breaking in half during a wave-induced tumble.

Local maritime and spaceflight fans Julia Bergeron and Stephen Marr were first to document the condition of the SpaceX rocket as it passed through the mouth of Port Canaveral. Although the lighting conditions were far from optimal, photos indicate that the Block 5 center core suffered a near-surgical removal of everything above its kerosene (RP-1) propellant tank. In other words, the liquid oxygen (LOx) tank and interstage are nowhere to be found, while Falcon Heavy B1055’s octaweb, nine Merlin 1D engines, landing legs, and maimed RP-1 tank are all safely resting on OCISLY’s deck.

The port arrival of B1055’s severed aft section is not exactly the happiest ending to the story of Falcon Heavy Flight 2 but the booster’s demise will reportedly have no impact on SpaceX’s 2019 launch manifest. That includes Flight 3 of Falcon Heavy, scheduled to launch with both of Falcon Heavy’s flight-proven side boosters as early as late June. Thankfully, SpaceX has built a second brand new Falcon Heavy center core for the critical US Air Force mission, known as STP-2.

Likely to be booster B1057, that fresh center core should have no difficulty supporting Falcon Heavy’s third launch, although SpaceX will probably ensure that the drone ship’s robotic recovery robot is Falcon Heavy-compatible this time around.

According to SpaceX CEO Elon Musk, the cause of this incident is easily traced back to a combination of bad luck and the simple fact that OCISLY’s Octagrabber had yet to be outfitted for Falcon Heavy center cores. It’s unclear what prevents Octagrabber from interfacing with the custom boosters, but it likely involves the bulky mechanisms they use to transfer the thrust of both side boosters and safely push them away during booster separation. Those mechanisms – a combination of matte black polygons and cylinders and clockwork-like blocks – are easily visible in the photo above.

Some minor subassemblies can probably be salvaged from the badly damaged aft section of B1055 but the booster’s nine Merlin 1D engines are likely the only major recoverable hardware. Even then, it appears that the nozzles of at least two of those Merlin 1Ds were damaged by B1055’s tumble.

The successful recovery of B1055’s engine section should still give SpaceX’s recovery and refurbishment engineers their first hands-on post-flight analysis of a center core’s complex connection and separation mechanisms. Having suffered through an exceptionally hot and fast reentry, the condition of those mechanisms and the booster’s octaweb heat shield will hopefully be able to offer valuable insight into their performance at the edge of Falcon’s survivable flight envelope.

Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes

SpaceX Falcon Heavy booster tips over on drone ship, returns to port in pieces

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By Simon Alvarez

Posted on April 18, 2019

Tesla owners in Portugal are thanking the electric car maker since their vehicles are proving immune to the ongoing gas crisis in the country, which resulted from a strike by fuel-truck drivers calling for higher pay and shorter working hours.

The gas shortage in Portugal got notably worse on Wednesday, the second day of the truck drivers’ strike. Hundreds of gasoline stations closed during the day, as evidenced by incredibly long lines of internal combustion vehicles lining up on stations that still had fuel. Authorities declared a national energy crisis as well, ordering truck drivers to resume deliveries to airports, hospitals, and other essential services.

The government has mandated that a “minimal” supply of at least 40% of normal gas levels must be maintained at gas stations in Lisbon and the second city of Porto. With the national energy crisis in effect, emergency vehicles such as ambulances and firetrucks are given priority to access this “minimal” supply of gas. This means that for thousands of motorists, their vehicles are severely fuel-constrained.

Amidst the chaos brought about by the ongoing truck drivers’ strike, owners of Tesla’s electric cars were able to largely avoid feeling the brunt of the fuel crisis. A Tesla Model 3 owner from the area shared a short clip from his drive home, and it showed the electric sedan passing dozens of vehicles forming a long line to a gas station.

If the truck drivers’ strike in Portugal continues, it is not only the private transport sector that will be affected. As noted in a Politico EU report, some motorists are already spending the night just to line up for fuel, and public transport operators in Lisbon and Porto have warned that buses only had a few days’ worth of fuel left. In a statement to the publication, António Medeiros, a truck drivers’ union treasurer, noted that “If we stop for two or three days, we throw Portugal into chaos. We are perfectly aware of that.”

Unfortunately, there are signs that the truck drivers’ strike would continue. A meeting between employers and the truckers’ trade union broke up without an agreement being reached on Tuesday. The strike is also seeing little political support, with Rui Rio, the leader of Portugal’s Social Democratic Party, noting that “I’m not going to attack the government over something that isn’t the government’s responsibility.”

While Tesla owners who charge their vehicles from the grid will likely experience the effects of the truck drivers’ strike if it continues, those whose homes are equipped with solar panels and battery storage units will largely be immune to further fuel shortages in the country. This independence from the grid is something that is key to Elon Musk’s plan for Tesla, which involves zero-emissions vehicles running on solar energy.

The ongoing experience of Tesla owners in Portugal all but highlights the need for the company to ramp the production of its energy business. Tesla has mostly focused on its electric car business in recent years due to the Model 3 ramp, but Musk has noted that 2019 will see Tesla ramping its energy products. Musk emphasized this point in the Model Y unveiling, stating that 2019 will be the “year of the Solar Roof.” A production ramp of the Tesla Powerwall 2 home battery storage unit is expected this year as well.

Tesla owners in Portugal escape fuel shortage hell due to truck drivers’ strike

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By Simon Alvarez

Posted on April 17, 2019

Rivian continues to tease its upcoming appearance at the 2019 New York International Auto Show, where the company is expected to showcase its first two vehicles: the R1T pickup truck and the R1S SUV. Just days after hinting at the R1T’s presence in the upcoming event, Rivian has posted another teaser on social media, this time featuring its Range Rover-rivaling R1S.

Rivian’s latest teaser, which is simply captioned “road tripping,” highlights the company’s “outdoor adventure lifestyle” theme, as invoked by the images of the R1S traveling on what appears to be a long and deserted road. Particularly interesting is an image showing what appears to be the UI in the R1S’ dashboard, which features a bird’s-eye view of the SUV and what appears to be a vector-based map.

Rivian has only emerged from the shadows late last year, but the company has already drummed up a notable degree of excitement for its first two vehicles, both of which are practically production ready. Thanks to its refined products, and augmented by the honest, down-to-earth nature of its CEO, RJ Scaringe, Rivian has captured the support and attention of the electric car market. This support was palpable in the company’s recently-held meet-and-greet at Manhattan, where Rivian hosted a number of reservation holders of the R1S and R1T.

In what could now be described as classic Rivian fashion, the meet-and-greet was was noticeably high-end, with cocktails and hors d’oeuvres being served to guests. CEO RJ Scaringe was present at the event, as well as a number of designers and engineers who were directly involved with the creation of the all-electric truck and SUV.

Rivian has successfully drummed up interest in its vehicles, and the company is now approaching what could only be described as its biggest challenge yet: actually producing its electric trucks. Both the R1S and the R1T are targeted towards the higher end of the market, with Scaringe noting in a previous interview that Rivian is going for the demographic that spends “$70,000 or $80,000 on a GMC Denali or a Chevy Suburban or a Land Rover Discovery or a fully loaded Ford F150.”

Both of Rivian’s electric vehicles are loaded to the teeth with tech, such as four electric motors and a mammoth 180 kWh battery pack that is expected to give around 400 miles of range. The R1T and R1S are also quick on their feet, being capable of hitting highway speeds in around 3 seconds. The Rivian R1T pickup starts at $69,000, while the R1S SUV has a starting price of $72,500 before incentives. Both are expected to enter production in 2020 and can be pre-ordered on Rivian’s official website today.

Here’s a cool video from Teslarati‘s Dacia Ferris showcasing one of the Rivian R1S’ cool features.

Rivian showcases outdoor adventure lifestyle in buildup to NY Auto Show debut

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By Christian Prenzler

Posted on April 17, 2019

China’s NIO announced at the Shanghai Auto Show that any electric vehicle will soon be able to use their “One Click for Power” services. The service allows EV owners to order valet charging and mobile charging vans right from the NIO app.

NIO, founded in 2014, began production of their first vehicle last year and has since delivered over 15,000 vehicles. Up until this point, the NIO Power services have only been available to NIO owners. The services division includes the company’s quickly growing rapid charging network, charging vans, and battery swap stations. Shen Fei, VP of NIO Power, stated that the company has had several owners order power services seeking to charge their other electric vehicles, including several Teslas. While the company had accommodated those owners in the past, they are now opening up the services to all types of electric vehicles.

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While nearly all EV owners in the US and Europe charge at home, it can be difficult to install in-home chargers in China. Fei stated that 22% of NIO owners lack home charging stations, creating a need for other power solutions. While public chargers are becoming quite prevalent in most major Chinese cities, NIO’s One Click for Power services allows owners to skip the trip to the charging station.

The China-based electric car maker highlighted that NIO owners have used the service over 93,000 times since the company started vehicle deliveries last year. Approximately 70% of NIO owners have used the One Click for Power service, indicating that there is a real desire for flexible charging solutions.

On the same day that NIO announced the expansion of their power services to other EVs, NIO was charging up a customer’s Tesla (the customer owned both a Tesla and a NIO ES8). Other EV owners, including Tesla owners, will be able to pay just 280 yuan ($42 USD) through NIO’s WeChat mini-app to have their vehicle charged. The company has more than 510 mobile charging vans across 95 cities in China.

NIO CEO William Li told Teslarati that he sees the expansion of their services business as an opportunity to both grow revenue and expose more users to the NIO brand. “Lots of EV owners want to have better [charging] service and we have the capability to serve them,” Li stated. “Even if they don’t want to buy our car, we can introduce our brand and our service to other buyers. I think it’s very good for us,” he said.

In addition to expanding their power services, NIO also unveiled a new DC-fast charging station. The company previously partnered with ABB to deploy 60 kW fast-charging stations across China. NIO’s new DC fast chargers are far more compact than the previous generation chargers and now have a charging capacity of 105 kW.

NIO debuted on the New York Stock Exchange last fall and has since been on a bit of a rollercoaster as investors react to changing market conditions in China. Despite the swings in value, NIO is focused on servicing its growing customer base. The company now has ~9,500 employees globally, including a team of more than a 1,000 NIO Power service workers. NIO expects to start deliveries of their mid-size SUV, the ES6, in June which starts at ¥358,000 ($53,500) and delivers 315 miles of range.

China’s NIO expands mobile charging service to all electric cars, including Tesla

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